Received 26.08.2021
Revised 03.11.2021
Accepted 20.12.2021
Retrieved from Vol. 12, No. 1, 2022
Pages 115 -130
Abstract
The phenomenon of a favourite toy in the structure of communicative activities was examined via existential-ontological, axiological, existential-semantic aspects, which corresponded to the inter-subjective paradigm of psychological cognition and people interactions. The theoretical methods: deductive (axiomatic and hypothetical-deductive) methods were used for a systematic description of the examined phenomenon. The empirical methods: a summative experiment using conversations and psychological examining techniques was organised to study the phenomenon of a favourite toy in the structure of MDD’s preschoolers communicative activities. Mathematical and statistical methods: the qualitative and quantitative analysis of empirical data using non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test was applied to determine intergroup differences. As for the reflective component of communicative activities existing in the structure of intra-subjective interaction with a favourite toy, a third of MDD middle-age preschoolers and almost half of MDD senior preschoolers had such personal characteristics that indicated the humanization by them of their favourite toys. A favourite toy for MDD preschoolers was, primarily, an object for play, but a significant part of other examined children called a toy as an object for communication. Analyzing the obtained data, we can talk about the phenomenon of toy embedding into everyday life and into children’s picture of the world; the unity of the inner world, namely a toy’s endowment with the child’s own inner world; about identification processes with an inanimate object, moreover we noted the peculiarities of reflective decentralization (the same interests, hobbies and significant Others, a toy did the same as the child, similar details of the outside world). The study results allowed us to talk about the effect of mirroring a child in his/her favourite toy, which gave the child and opportunity to meet him/herself. Future research will be focused on the development and testing of a technology forming internalized identification and reflective decentralization with the help of a favourite toy as a partner of intra-subjective communication
Keywords:
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